Here is a comparison of some character sets that are, or have been,
commonly used in English speaking countries such as the USA and UK.
They can be grouped into three categories: 7-bit character sets like ASCII
with numeric-values / code-points running from 0 to 127; 8-bit character sets
like “Windows Latin–1” and “ISO 8859–1 Latin–1” which have numeric-values /
code-points from 0 to 256; Multi-byte character sets
such as the Unicode character set.
Note that Unicode has numeric values / code-points running from 0 up into the
millions. 32-bits is insufficient to represent all Unicode characters.
Typically Unicode is encoded in UTF–8 which uses a variable number of bytes
to represent each character. The tables below only show the first 256
characters.
Key
Column |
Description |
ASC |
ASCII |
PC |
IBM PC ROM |
437 |
Code Page 437 |
850 |
Code Page 850 |
Win |
Windows Latin–1 |
Lat |
ISO 8859–1 Latin 1 |
Uni |
Unicode / ISO 10646 |
Characters
Dec |
Hex |
ASC |
PC |
437 |
850 |
Win |
Lat1 |
Uni |
0 |
0000 |
NUL |
|
NUL |
NUL |
NUL |
NUL |
NUL |
1 |
0001 |
SOH |
☺ |
SOH |
SOH |
SOH |
SOH |
SOH |
2 |
0002 |
STX |
☻ |
STX |
STX |
STX |
STX |
STX |
3 |
0003 |
ETX |
♥ |
ETX |
ETX |
ETX |
ETX |
ETX |
4 |
0004 |
EOT |
♦ |
EOT |
EOT |
EOT |
EOT |
EOT |
5 |
0005 |
ENQ |
♣ |
ENQ |
ENQ |
ENQ |
ENQ |
ENQ |
6 |
0006 |
ACK |
♠ |
ACK |
ACK |
ACK |
ACK |
ACK |
7 |
0007 |
BEL |
• |
BEL |
BEL |
BEL |
BEL |
BEL |
8 |
0008 |
BS |
◘ |
BS |
BS |
BS |
BS |
BS |
9 |
0009 |
HT |
○ |
HT |
HT |
HT |
HT |
HT |
10 |
000A |
LF |
◙ |
LF |
LF |
LF |
LF |
LF |
11 |
000B |
VT |
♂ |
VT |
VT |
VT |
VT |
VT |
12 |
000C |
FF |
♀ |
FF |
FF |
FF |
FF |
FF |
13 |
000D |
CR |
♪ |
CR |
CR |
CR |
CR |
CR |
14 |
000E |
SO |
♫ |
SO |
SO |
SO |
SO |
SO |
15 |
000F |
SI |
☼ |
SI |
SI |
SI |
SI |
SI |
16 |
0010 |
DL |
► |
DL |
DL |
DL |
DL |
DL |
17 |
0011 |
DC1 |
◄ |
DC1 |
DC1 |
DC1 |
DC1 |
DC1 |
18 |
0012 |
DC2 |
↕ |
DC2 |
DC2 |
DC2 |
DC2 |
DC2 |
19 |
0013 |
DC3 |
‼ |
DC3 |
DC3 |
DC3 |
DC3 |
DC3 |
20 |
0014 |
DC4 |
¶ |
DC4 |
DC4 |
DC4 |
DC4 |
DC4 |
21 |
0015 |
NAK |
§ |
NAK |
NAK |
NAK |
NAK |
NAK |
22 |
0016 |
SYN |
▬ |
SYN |
SYN |
SYN |
SYN |
SYN |
23 |
0017 |
ETB |
↨ |
ETB |
ETB |
ETB |
ETB |
ETB |
24 |
0018 |
CAN |
↑ |
CAN |
CAN |
CAN |
CAN |
CAN |
25 |
0019 |
EM |
↓ |
EM |
EM |
EM |
EM |
EM |
26 |
001A |
SUB |
→ |
SUB |
SUB |
SUB |
SUB |
SUB |
27 |
001B |
ESC |
← |
ESC |
ESC |
ESC |
ESC |
ESC |
28 |
001C |
FS |
∟ |
FS |
FS |
FS |
FS |
FS |
29 |
001D |
GS |
↔ |
GS |
GS |
GS |
GS |
GS |
30 |
001E |
RS |
▲ |
RS |
RS |
RS |
RS |
RS |
31 |
001F |
US |
▼ |
US |
US |
US |
US |
US |
Dec |
Hex |
ASC |
PC |
437 |
850 |
Win |
Lat1 |
Uni |
32 |
0020 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
33 |
0021 |
! |
! |
! |
! |
! |
! |
! |
34 |
0022 |
" |
" |
" |
" |
" |
" |
" |
35 |
0023 |
# |
# |
# |
# |
# |
# |
# |
36 |
0024 |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
37 |
0025 |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
38 |
0026 |
& |
& |
& |
& |
& |
& |
& |
39 |
0027 |
' |
' |
' |
' |
' |
' |
' |
40 |
0028 |
( |
( |
( |
( |
( |
( |
( |
41 |
0029 |
) |
) |
) |
) |
) |
) |
) |
42 |
002A |
| |
| |
| |
* |
43 |
002B |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
44 |
002C |
, |
, |
, |
, |
, |
, |
, |
45 |
002D |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
46 |
002E |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
. |
47 |
002F |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
48 |
0030 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
49 |
0031 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
50 |
0032 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
51 |
0033 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
52 |
0034 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
53 |
0035 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
54 |
0036 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
6 |
55 |
0037 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
7 |
56 |
0038 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
57 |
0039 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
9 |
58 |
003A |
: |
: |
: |
: |
: |
: |
: |
59 |
003B |
; |
; |
; |
; |
; |
; |
; |
60 |
003C |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
< |
61 |
003D |
= |
= |
= |
= |
= |
= |
= |
62 |
003E |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
> |
63 |
003F |
? |
? |
? |
? |
? |
? |
? |
Dec |
Hex |
ASC |
PC |
437 |
850 |
Win |
Lat1 |
Uni |
64 |
0040 |
@ |
@ |
@ |
@ |
@ |
@ |
@ |
65 |
0041 |
A |
A |
A |
A |
A |
A |
A |
66 |
0042 |
B |
B |
B |
B |
B |
B |
B |
67 |
0043 |
C |
C |
C |
C |
C |
C |
C |
68 |
0044 |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
D |
69 |
0045 |
E |
E |
E |
E |
E |
E |
E |
70 |
0046 |
F |
F |
F |
F |
F |
F |
F |
71 |
0047 |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
G |
72 |
0048 |
H |
H |
H |
H |
H |
H |
H |
73 |
0049 |
I |
I |
I |
I |
I |
I |
I |
74 |
004A |
J |
J |
J |
J |
J |
J |
J |
75 |
004B |
K |
K |
K |
K |
K |
K |
K |
76 |
004C |
L |
L |
L |
L |
L |
L |
L |
77 |
004D |
M |
M |
M |
M |
M |
M |
M |
78 |
004E |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
N |
79 |
004F |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
O |
80 |
0050 |
P |
P |
P |
P |
P |
P |
P |
81 |
0051 |
Q |
Q |
Q |
Q |
Q |
Q |
Q |
82 |
0052 |
R |
R |
R |
R |
R |
R |
R |
83 |
0053 |
S |
S |
S |
S |
S |
S |
S |
84 |
0054 |
T |
T |
T |
T |
T |
T |
T |
85 |
0055 |
U |
U |
U |
U |
U |
U |
U |
86 |
0056 |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
V |
87 |
0057 |
W |
W |
W |
W |
W |
W |
W |
88 |
0058 |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
X |
89 |
0059 |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
Y |
90 |
005A |
Z |
Z |
Z |
Z |
Z |
Z |
Z |
91 |
005B |
[ |
[ |
[ |
[ |
[ |
[ |
[ |
92 |
005C |
\ |
\ |
\ |
\ |
\ |
\ |
\ |
93 |
005D |
] |
] |
] |
] |
] |
] |
] |
94 |
005E |
^ |
^ |
^ |
^ |
^ |
^ |
^ |
95 |
005F |
_ |
_ |
_ |
_ |
_ |
_ |
_ |
Dec |
Hex |
ASC |
PC |
437 |
850 |
Win |
Lat1 |
Uni |
96 |
0060 |
` |
` |
` |
` |
` |
` |
` |
97 |
0061 |
a |
a |
a |
a |
a |
a |
a |
98 |
0062 |
b |
b |
b |
b |
b |
b |
b |
99 |
0063 |
c |
c |
c |
c |
c |
c |
c |
100 |
0064 |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
d |
101 |
0065 |
e |
e |
e |
e |
e |
e |
e |
102 |
0066 |
f |
f |
f |
f |
f |
f |
f |
103 |
0067 |
g |
g |
g |
g |
g |
g |
g |
104 |
0068 |
h |
h |
h |
h |
h |
h |
h |
105 |
0069 |
i |
i |
i |
i |
i |
i |
i |
106 |
006A |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
107 |
006B |
k |
k |
k |
k |
k |
k |
k |
108 |
006C |
l |
l |
l |
l |
l |
l |
l |
109 |
006D |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
m |
110 |
006E |
n |
n |
n |
n |
n |
n |
n |
111 |
006F |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
o |
112 |
0070 |
p |
p |
p |
p |
p |
p |
p |
113 |
0071 |
q |
q |
q |
q |
q |
q |
q |
114 |
0072 |
r |
r |
r |
r |
r |
r |
r |
115 |
0073 |
s |
s |
s |
s |
s |
s |
s |
116 |
0074 |
t |
t |
t |
t |
t |
t |
t |
117 |
0075 |
u |
u |
u |
u |
u |
u |
u |
118 |
0076 |
v |
v |
v |
v |
v |
v |
v |
119 |
0077 |
w |
w |
w |
w |
w |
w |
w |
120 |
0078 |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
121 |
0079 |
y |
y |
y |
y |
y |
y |
y |
122 |
007A |
z |
z |
z |
z |
z |
z |
z |
123 |
007B |
{ |
{ |
{ |
{ |
{ |
{ |
{ |
124 |
007C |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
125 |
007D |
} |
} |
} |
} |
} |
} |
} |
126 |
007E |
~ |
~ |
~ |
~ |
~ |
~ |
~ |
127 |
007F |
DEL |
⌂ |
DEL |
DEL |
|
DEL |
DEL |
Dec |
Hex |
ASC |
PC |
437 |
850 |
Win |
Lat1 |
Uni |
128 |
0080 |
|
Ç |
Ç |
Ç |
€ |
|
XXX |
129 |
0081 |
|
ü |
ü |
ü |
|
|
XXX |
130 |
0082 |
|
é |
é |
é |
‚ |
|
BPH |
131 |
0083 |
|
â |
â |
â |
ƒ |
|
NBH |
132 |
0084 |
|
ä |
ä |
ä |
„ |
|
IND |
133 |
0085 |
|
à |
à |
à |
… |
|
NEL |
134 |
0086 |
|
å |
å |
å |
† |
|
SSA |
135 |
0087 |
|
ç |
ç |
ç |
‡ |
|
ESA |
136 |
0088 |
|
ê |
ê |
ê |
ˆ |
|
HTS |
137 |
0089 |
|
ë |
ë |
ë |
‰ |
|
HTJ |
138 |
008A |
|
è |
è |
è |
Š |
|
VTS |
139 |
008B |
|
ï |
ï |
ï |
‹ |
|
PLD |
140 |
008C |
|
î |
î |
î |
Œ |
|
PLU |
141 |
008D |
|
ì |
ì |
ì |
|
|
RI |
142 |
008E |
|
Ä |
Ä |
Ä |
Ž |
|
SS2 |
143 |
008F |
|
Å |
Å |
Å |
|
|
SS3 |
144 |
0090 |
|
É |
É |
É |
|
|
DCS |
145 |
0091 |
|
æ |
æ |
æ |
‘ |
|
PU1 |
146 |
0092 |
|
Æ |
Æ |
Æ |
’ |
|
PU2 |
147 |
0093 |
|
ô |
ô |
ô |
“ |
|
STS |
148 |
0094 |
|
ö |
ö |
ö |
” |
|
CCH |
149 |
0095 |
|
ò |
ò |
ò |
• |
|
MW |
150 |
0096 |
|
û |
û |
û |
– |
|
SPA |
151 |
0097 |
|
ù |
ù |
ù |
— |
|
EPA |
152 |
0098 |
|
ÿ |
ÿ |
ÿ |
˜ |
|
SOS |
153 |
0099 |
|
Ö |
Ö |
Ö |
™ |
|
XXX |
154 |
009A |
|
Ü |
Ü |
Ü |
š |
|
SCI |
155 |
009B |
|
¢ |
¢ |
ø |
› |
|
CSI |
156 |
009C |
|
£ |
£ |
£ |
œ |
|
ST |
157 |
009D |
|
¥ |
¥ |
Ø |
|
|
OSC |
158 |
009E |
|
₧ |
₧ |
× |
ž |
|
PM |
159 |
009F |
|
ƒ |
ƒ |
ƒ |
Ÿ |
|
APC |
Dec |
Hex |
ASC |
PC |
437 |
850 |
Win |
Lat1 |
Uni |
160 |
00A0 |
|
á |
á |
á |
|
|
NBSP |
161 |
00A1 |
|
í |
í |
í |
¡ |
¡ |
¡ |
162 |
00A2 |
|
ó |
ó |
ó |
¢ |
¢ |
¢ |
163 |
00A3 |
|
ú |
ú |
ú |
£ |
£ |
£ |
164 |
00A4 |
|
ñ |
ñ |
ñ |
¤ |
¤ |
¤ |
165 |
00A5 |
|
Ñ |
Ñ |
Ñ |
¥ |
¥ |
¥ |
166 |
00A6 |
|
ª |
ª |
ª |
¦ |
¦ |
¦ |
167 |
00A7 |
|
º |
º |
º |
§ |
§ |
§ |
168 |
00A8 |
|
¿ |
¿ |
¿ |
¨ |
¨ |
¨ |
169 |
00A9 |
|
⌐ |
⌐ |
® |
© |
© |
© |
170 |
00AA |
|
¬ |
¬ |
¬ |
ª |
ª |
ª |
171 |
00AB |
|
½ |
½ |
½ |
« |
« |
« |
172 |
00AC |
|
¼ |
¼ |
¼ |
¬ |
¬ |
¬ |
173 |
00AD |
|
¡ |
¡ |
¡ |
|
|
SHY |
174 |
00AE |
|
« |
« |
« |
® |
® |
® |
175 |
00AF |
|
» |
» |
» |
¯ |
¯ |
¯ |
176 |
00B0 |
|
░ |
░ |
░ |
° |
° |
° |
177 |
00B1 |
|
▒ |
▒ |
▒ |
± |
± |
± |
178 |
00B2 |
|
▓ |
▓ |
▓ |
² |
² |
² |
179 |
00B3 |
|
│ |
│ |
│ |
³ |
³ |
³ |
180 |
00B4 |
|
┤ |
┤ |
┤ |
´ |
´ |
´ |
181 |
00B5 |
|
╡ |
╡ |
Á |
µ |
µ |
µ |
182 |
00B6 |
|
╢ |
╢ |
 |
¶ |
¶ |
¶ |
183 |
00B7 |
|
╖ |
╖ |
À |
· |
· |
· |
184 |
00B8 |
|
╕ |
╕ |
© |
¸ |
¸ |
¸ |
185 |
00B9 |
|
╣ |
╣ |
╣ |
¹ |
¹ |
¹ |
186 |
00BA |
|
║ |
║ |
║ |
º |
º |
º |
187 |
00BB |
|
╗ |
╗ |
╗ |
» |
» |
» |
188 |
00BC |
|
╝ |
╝ |
╝ |
¼ |
¼ |
¼ |
189 |
00BD |
|
╜ |
╜ |
¢ |
½ |
½ |
½ |
190 |
00BE |
|
╛ |
╛ |
¥ |
¾ |
¾ |
¾ |
191 |
00BF |
|
┐ |
┐ |
┐ |
¿ |
¿ |
¿ |
Dec |
Hex |
ASC |
PC |
437 |
850 |
Win |
Lat1 |
Uni |
192 |
00C0 |
|
└ |
└ |
└ |
À |
À |
À |
193 |
00C1 |
|
┴ |
┴ |
┴ |
Á |
Á |
Á |
194 |
00C2 |
|
┬ |
┬ |
┬ |
 |
 |
 |
195 |
00C3 |
|
├ |
├ |
├ |
à |
à |
à |
196 |
00C4 |
|
─ |
─ |
─ |
Ä |
Ä |
Ä |
197 |
00C5 |
|
┼ |
┼ |
┼ |
Å |
Å |
Å |
198 |
00C6 |
|
╞ |
╞ |
ã |
Æ |
Æ |
Æ |
199 |
00C7 |
|
╟ |
╟ |
à |
Ç |
Ç |
Ç |
200 |
00C8 |
|
╚ |
╚ |
╚ |
È |
È |
È |
201 |
00C9 |
|
╔ |
╔ |
╔ |
É |
É |
É |
202 |
00CA |
|
╩ |
╩ |
╩ |
Ê |
Ê |
Ê |
203 |
00CB |
|
╦ |
╦ |
╦ |
Ë |
Ë |
Ë |
204 |
00CC |
|
╠ |
╠ |
╠ |
Ì |
Ì |
Ì |
205 |
00CD |
|
═ |
═ |
═ |
Í |
Í |
Í |
206 |
00CE |
|
╬ |
╬ |
╬ |
Î |
Î |
Î |
207 |
00CF |
|
╧ |
╧ |
¤ |
Ï |
Ï |
Ï |
208 |
00D0 |
|
╨ |
╨ |
ð |
Ð |
Ð |
Ð |
209 |
00D1 |
|
╤ |
╤ |
Ð |
Ñ |
Ñ |
Ñ |
210 |
00D2 |
|
╥ |
╥ |
Ê |
Ò |
Ò |
Ò |
211 |
00D3 |
|
╙ |
╙ |
Ë |
Ó |
Ó |
Ó |
212 |
00D4 |
|
╘ |
╘ |
È |
Ô |
Ô |
Ô |
213 |
00D5 |
|
╒ |
╒ |
ı |
Õ |
Õ |
Õ |
214 |
00D6 |
|
╓ |
╓ |
Í |
Ö |
Ö |
Ö |
215 |
00D7 |
|
╫ |
╫ |
Î |
× |
× |
× |
216 |
00D8 |
|
╪ |
╪ |
Ï |
Ø |
Ø |
Ø |
217 |
00D9 |
|
┘ |
┘ |
┘ |
Ù |
Ù |
Ù |
218 |
00DA |
|
┌ |
┌ |
┌ |
Ú |
Ú |
Ú |
219 |
00DB |
|
█ |
█ |
█ |
Û |
Û |
Û |
220 |
00DC |
|
▄ |
▄ |
▄ |
Ü |
Ü |
Ü |
221 |
00DD |
|
▌ |
▌ |
¦ |
Ý |
Ý |
Ý |
222 |
00DE |
|
▐ |
▐ |
Ì |
Þ |
Þ |
Þ |
223 |
00DF |
|
▀ |
▀ |
▀ |
ß |
ß |
ß |
Dec |
Hex |
ASC |
PC |
437 |
850 |
Win |
Lat1 |
Uni |
224 |
00E0 |
|
α |
α |
Ó |
à |
à |
à |
225 |
00E1 |
|
β |
β |
ß |
á |
á |
á |
226 |
00E2 |
|
Γ |
Γ |
Ô |
â |
â |
â |
227 |
00E3 |
|
π |
π |
Ò |
ã |
ã |
ã |
228 |
00E4 |
|
Σ |
Σ |
õ |
ä |
ä |
ä |
229 |
00E5 |
|
σ |
σ |
Õ |
å |
å |
å |
230 |
00E6 |
|
μ |
μ |
µ |
æ |
æ |
æ |
231 |
00E7 |
|
τ |
τ |
þ |
ç |
ç |
ç |
232 |
00E8 |
|
Φ |
Φ |
Þ |
è |
è |
è |
233 |
00E9 |
|
Θ |
Θ |
Ú |
é |
é |
é |
234 |
00EA |
|
Ω |
Ω |
Û |
ê |
ê |
ê |
235 |
00EB |
|
δ |
δ |
Ù |
ë |
ë |
ë |
236 |
00EC |
|
∞ |
∞ |
ý |
ì |
ì |
ì |
237 |
00ED |
|
φ |
φ |
Ý |
í |
í |
í |
238 |
00EE |
|
ε |
ε |
¯ |
î |
î |
î |
239 |
00EF |
|
∩ |
∩ |
´ |
ï |
ï |
ï |
240 |
00F0 |
|
≡ |
≡ |
|
ð |
ð |
ð |
241 |
00F1 |
|
± |
± |
± |
ñ |
ñ |
ñ |
242 |
00F2 |
|
≥ |
≥ |
‗ |
ò |
ò |
ò |
243 |
00F3 |
|
≤ |
≤ |
¾ |
ó |
ó |
ó |
244 |
00F4 |
|
⌠ |
⌠ |
¶ |
ô |
ô |
ô |
245 |
00F5 |
|
⌡ |
⌡ |
§ |
õ |
õ |
õ |
246 |
00F6 |
|
÷ |
÷ |
÷ |
ö |
ö |
ö |
247 |
00F7 |
|
≈ |
≈ |
¸ |
÷ |
÷ |
÷ |
248 |
00F8 |
|
° |
° |
° |
ø |
ø |
ø |
249 |
00F9 |
|
• |
• |
¨ |
ù |
ù |
ù |
250 |
00FA |
|
· |
· |
· |
ú |
ú |
ú |
251 |
00FB |
|
√ |
√ |
¹ |
û |
û |
û |
252 |
00FC |
|
² |
² |
³ |
ü |
ü |
ü |
253 |
00FD |
|
ⁿ |
ⁿ |
² |
ý |
ý |
ý |
254 |
00FE |
|
■ |
■ |
■ |
þ |
þ |
þ |
255 |
00FF |
|
- |
- |
NBSP. |
ÿ |
ÿ |
ÿ |
Notes
- The PC ROM had displayable glyphs at code-points 0 through 31, as did some printers.
- ASCII is a 7-bit character set.
- Windows Latin 1 is not ISO Latin 1, compare code points 128 through 159.
- Code Page 850 differs from 437 at places such as code point 181 where accented characters replace line-draw characters.
Glossary of Control Characters
There are a large number of control characters which originally
were used to organise transmission of data and to provide
control over the movement of parts in mechanical printers.
Few of these are still used for their original purpose.
- NUL
- Padding character.
- SOH
- Start of Header.
- STX
- Start of Text. See ETX.
- ETX
- End of Text. See STX. Also known as Ctrl+C and used to interrupt a program.
- EOT
- End of Transmission. Also known as Ctrl+D and used to signal end of file
or end of data.
- ENQ
- Enquiry. See ACK, NAK.
- ACK
- Acknowledgement. See Enq, NAK.
- BEL
- Audible signal. Also known as Ctrl+G
- BS
- Backspace. Moves print position one place left.
originally used on printers for overprinting one character
on top of another. E.g. “O BS /” makes Ø.
BS is also known as Ctrl+H
- HT
- Horizontal Tab. Advances print position rightwards,
typically to the next column-position that is a
multiple of 8 character-widths.
- LF
- Line Feed. Advances print position down one line. See CR.
- VT
- Vertical Tab.
- FF
- Form Feed. Advance print position to top of next sheet/page.
- CR
- Carriage Return. Move print position back to left margin.
- SO
- Shift Out. Switches to an alternate character set, often one used
for graphics characters rather than for alphabetic characters. See SI.
- SI
- Shift In. Returns to normal character set. See SO.
- DL
- Data Link Escape. Following octets are data, not characters.
- DC1
- Device Control 1. Also known as X-On. Resume operation. See DC3/X-Off.
- DC2
- Device Control 2.
- DC3
- Device Control 3. Also known as X-off. Suspend operation.
used for communications flow control, tells other end to temporarily stop
sending data until this end has caught up. See DC1/X-on.
- DC4
- Device Control 4.
- NAK
- Negative Acknowledgement. Not ready or error in prior block. See ENQ, ACK.
- SYN
- Synchronous Idle. Used in synchronous transmission.
- ETB
- End of Transmission Block.
- CAN
- Cancel. Previously sent data is erroneous and should be discarded.
- EM
- End of Medium. For example, end of paper tape.
- SUB
- Substitute. Used to mark end of useful data in last block
where a fixed-sized block is used. Sometimes used as a filler
for unused space in a block. Also Ctrl+Z used to signal a program
to suspend execution.
- ESC
- Escape. Often used as the start of an “Escape Sequence”. See CSI.
- FS
- Field Separator. One of the hierarchical data separators. See GS, RS, US.
- GS
- Group Separator. One of the hierarchical data separators. See FS, RS, US.
- RS
- Record separator. One of the hierarchical data separators. See FS, GS, US.
- US
- Unit Separator. One of the hierarchical data separators. See FS, GS, RS.
- XXX
- Unused?
- BPH
- Break Permitted Here. Indicates that a line-break is allowed here.
- NBH
- No Break Here. Follows a character that is not to be separated
by a line-break from the following character.
- IND
- Deprecated, moves active position down one line. Compare LF.
- NEL
- Next Line. Compare CR,LF.
- SSA
- Start of Selected Area. See ESA.
- ESA
- End of Selected Area. See SSA.
- CTS
- Character Tabulation Set. Sets a tab-position at current location. See TAB.
- HTJ
- Horizontal Tabulation with Justification.
Moves preceding text (from prior tab position)
to right-align with next tab position.
- VTS
- Line Tabulation Set. Sets a vertical tabulation stop at current position.
See VT.
- PLD
- Partial Line Down/forward. Used for subscripts or to end PLU.
- PLU
- Partial Line Up/backward. Used for superscripts or to end PLD.
- RI
- Reverse Line Feed. See LF. Moves to prior line, same horizontal position.
- SS2
- Single Shift Two. Switch to character set G2.
- SS3
- Single Shift Three. Switch to character set G3.
- DCS
- Device Control String. Ended by ST. Used to send commands or a status report.
- PU1
- Private Use One.
- PU2
- Private Use Two.
- STS
- Set Transmit State. Indicates that data is available for transmission.
- CCH
- Cancel Character. Ignore previous character. Destructive backspace. See BS.
- MW
- Message Waiting.
- SPA
- Start of Guarded Area. Following characters not to be altered,
transmitted or (optionally) erased. See EPA.
- EPA
- End of Guarded Area. See SPA.
- SOS
- Start of String.
- SCI
- Single Character Introducer. Purpose not fully defined.
- CSI
- Control Sequence Introducer. Used to indicate the start of a
group of characters that are not to be printed or displayed but which
are to be used to move the cursor, change colours or perform some
other change to the display state. See Esc.
- ST
- String Terminator. See APC, DCS, OSC, PM, SOS.
- OSC
- Operating System Command.
- PM
- Privacy Message.
- APC
- Application Program Command.
- NBSP
- No-Break Space. Used to join two words that should not be split across
the end of a line.
- SHY
- Soft Hyphen. Indicates where a word can be broken across a line
with a hyphen used to indicate the break.